In the period between Napoleon's downfall in 1815 and the revolution of 1830, the restored French monarchy was in crisis, and the dey (the governor of Algiers) was weak politically, economically, and militarily. However, these évolués (literally 'the evolved') lost control of the movement for independence when the concessions they secured from the French government benefitted themselves. The revolution's philosophical foundations came from the privileged Algerians who were Gallicized by the French education system. The movement for independence came from the Algerians' dissatisfaction with being treated as second-class citizens by the French colonial government.
This war was one of the many wars for independence which occurred during the 1950s and 1960s. The Algerian war for independence began in 1954 and ended in 1962 when French President Charles De Gaulle pronounced Algeria an independent country on July 3.
